Abstract
Background: The purpose of this study was to examine the association between three specific indicators of financial hardship (difficulty paying bills, food insecurity, reduced medication use due to cost) and depressive symptoms by race.
Found Items
Modelling the Future Clinical and Economic Burden of Antimicrobial Resistance: The Feasibility and Value of Models to Inform Policy
Abstract
Due to the increasing threat to public health and the economy, governments internationally are interested in models to estimate the future clinical and economic burden of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of interventions to prevent or control resistance and to inform resource-allocation decision making. A widely cited UK report estimated that 10 million additional deaths will occur globally per annum due to AMR by 2050; however, the utility and accuracy of this prediction has been challenged. The precision of models predicting the future economic burden of AMR is dependent upon the accuracy of predicting future resistance rates. This paper reviews the feasibility and value of modelling to inform policy and resource allocation to manage and curb AMR. Here we describe methods used to estimate future resistance in published burden-of-disease models; the sources of uncertainty are highlighted, which could potentially mislead policy decision-making. While broad assumptions can be made regarding some predictable factors contributing to future resistance rates, the unexpected emergence, establishment and spread of new resistance genes introduces substantial uncertainty into estimates of future economic burden, and in models evaluating the effectiveness of interventions or policies to address AMR. Existing reporting standards for best practice in modelling should be adapted to guide the reporting of AMR economic models, to ensure model transparency and validation for interpretation by policymakers.
Economic burden of hospital malnutrition: A cost-of-illness model
Abstract
Background & aims: Hospital malnutrition is a highly prevalent condition that leads to an increased risk of clinical complications and a corresponding increase in healthcare resource utilisation. Despite the high prevalence and adverse clinical consequences, limited data are available on the magnitude of the economic burden associated with hospital malnutrition in Asian countries. The aim of the present analysis was to calculate country-specific estimates of the economic burden of hospital malnutrition in Asia.
Associations Between Financial Strain and Emotional Well-Being With Physiological Responses to Acute Mental Stress
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate associations between financial strain and emotional well-being, health, and physiological responses to acute mental stress. METHODS: Participants were 542 healthy men and women aged 53 to 76 years from the Whitehall II study divided into those who reported no (n = 316), some (n = 135), or moderate/severe (n = 91) financial strain. Emotional well-being and self-reported health were assessed at baseline
The Impact of Medical Financial Hardship on Children’s Health
Objective. To determine whether living in a family with medical financial hardship decreases children’s access to health care. Methods. We identified children aged 4 to 17 years from the 2013 to 2018 National Health Interview
The impacts of health insurance on financial strain for people with chronic diseases
BACKGROUND: Due to ongoing expenses for both short-term and long-term needs for health services, people with chronic diseases tend to struggle with financial hardship. Health insurance is employed as a useful tool in aiding people to solve such financial strain. This study aims to examine and compare the impacts of public and private health insurance on solving financial barriers for people with chronic diseases. METHODS: This research obtained an
Financial Hardship After Traumatic Injury: Risk Factors and Drivers of Out-of-Pocket Health Expenses
BACKGROUND: Trauma-related disorders rank among the top five most costly medical conditions to the health care system. However, the impact of out-of-pocket (OOP) health expenses for traumatic conditions is not known. In this cross-sectional study, we use nationally representative data to investigate whether patients with a traumatic injury experienced financial hardship from OOP health expenses. METHODS: Using data from the Medical Expenditure
Financial Hardship and Health Related Quality of Life Among Older Latinos With Chronic Diseases
BACKGROUND: Financial hardship influences health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of older adults. However, little is known about the relationship between financial hardship and HRQoL among vulnerable populations. OBJECTIVE: We examined the associations between financial hardship and HRQoL among older Latinos living with chronic disease, including cancer. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 68 Latinos (age range 50-87) with one or more
Pediatric primary care and subspecialist providers’ comfort, attitudes and practices screening and referring for social determinants of health
BACKGROUND: Early detection and management of poverty-related disorders is a recommended pediatric practice; however, little is known about variations of practice between pediatric primary care physicians and subspecialists. The objectives of this study were to assess (1) provider perceptions and attitudes toward caring for low-income children in an urban academic medical center, and (2) variations between primary care physicians and subspecialists
Interactive Effects of Chronic Health Conditions and Financial Hardship on Episodic Memory among Older Blacks: Findings from the Health and Retirement Study
Previous research links chronic health conditions and financial hardship to cognitive outcomes among older Blacks. However, few studies have explored the moderating effect of financial hardship on chronic disease burden and specific cognitive domains. This study examined whether financial hardship (as measured by difficulty paying monthly bills) modifies the impact of self-reported chronic health conditions (e.g., diabetes, stroke) on episodic
Willingness to Pay for National Health Insurance: A Contingent Valuation Study Among Patients Visiting Public Hospitals in Melaka, Malaysia
BACKGROUND: The Malaysian public healthcare system is tax funded, with healthcare costs highly subsidized by the Government. The current health financing is not sustainable to cover all the healthcare resources. Introducing a national health insurance (NHI), a prepayment method, would protect the population from financial hardship by reducing out-of-pocket payment, minimizing the barrier to accessing health and achieving equitable healthcare.
Debt-Related Financial Hardship and Health
Recent research shows personal financial debt is an important socioeconomic determinant of health, but the mechanisms through which it operates are not well understood. This article uses data from a mixed-methods study to explore how changes in spending and behavior that result from debt have salient health consequences in a cross-
Re-Validation of the Comprehensive Score for Financial Toxicity (COST): Assessing the Scale’s Utility in Chronic Disease Populations
OBJECTIVE: To report the psychometric properties of the COmprehensive Score for financial Toxicity (COST) patient-reported outcome measure (PROM), an 11-item scale previously validated among patients diagnosed with cancer and receiving chemotherapy. METHODS: Data come from a cross-sectional survey (n = 2755 response rate of
A Scoping Review of Behavioral Interventions Addressing Medical Financial Hardship
Little information has been compiled across studies about existing interventions to mitigate issues of medical financial hardship, despite growing interest in health care delivery. The purpose of this qualitative systematic scoping review was to examine content and outcomes of interventions to address medical financial hardship. PRISMA guidelines were applied to present results using PubMed, Scopus, and CINAHL, published between January 1980
Measures of financial burden for families dealing with serious illness: A systematic review and analysis
BACKGROUND: Many families coping with serious illness report experiencing financial burden, which negatively impacts coping and quality of life. Financial burden, however, is a complex construct that has been inconsistently operationalized in the literature. AIM: To review the available literature to identify, and describe the properties of, measurement tools or scales used to assess financial burden, including financial stress and strain, for families
Connecting healthcare with income maximisation services, and their financial, health and well-being impacts for families with young children: a systematic review protocol
INTRODUCTION: Poverty has far-reaching and detrimental effects on children’s physical and mental health, across all geographies. Financial advice and income-maximisation services can provide a promising opportunity for shifting the physical and mental health burdens that commonly occur with financial hardship, yet awareness of these
Psychological well-being revisited: advances in the science and practice of eudaimonia
This article reviews research and interventions that have grown up around a model of psychological well-being generated more than two decades ago to address neglected aspects of positive functioning such as purposeful engagement in life, realization of personal talents and capacities, and enlightened self-knowledge. The conceptual origins of this formulation are revisited and scientific products emerging from 6 thematic areas
The prevalence of chronic health conditions impacting on daily functioning and the association with emotional well-being among a national sample of high school students
PURPOSE: This study aims to describe the prevalence of self-reported chronic health conditions among high school students in New Zealand, the extent to which the condition impacts on their activities and socialization, and to explore the association between the level of impact of the illness or disability and the emotional well-being of students with chronic health conditions. METHODS: A two-stage cluster sample of 9,107 students
Emotional wellbeing in youth: A concept analysis
AIM: The aim of this concept analysis is to report a synthesis of the extant literature and define emotional wellbeing in youth as a concept of emerging importance. BACKGROUND: Emotional wellbeing is a national research priority in the United States. It is not well defined nor understood in the context of its ontology, mechanisms, biomarkers, or promotion. As a result, interventional research cannot be adequately informed.
Prevalence and Correlates of Medical Financial Hardship in the USA
BACKGROUND: High patient out-of-pocket (OOP) spending for medical care is associated with medical debt, distress about household finances, and forgoing medical care because of cost in the USA. OBJECTIVE: To examine the national prevalence of medical financial hardship domains: (1) material conditions from increased OOP expenses (e.g., medical debt), (2) psychological responses (e.g., distress), and (3) coping behaviors
